亚硝酸钠对三疣梭子蟹幼体的急性毒性

以三疣梭子蟹各期幼体为实验对象,以发育次日为实验起点,对其进行了亚硝酸氮的急性毒性实验。结果表明:亚硝酸盐对三疣梭子蟹Z1期幼体饥饿和饱食两种状态下72 h半致死浓(LC50)分别为为2.282mg/L和2.736 mg/L,Z2期幼体分别为9.955 mg/L和11.541mg/L,Z3期幼体分别为19.487mg/L和30.336mg/L,Z4期幼体分别为14.243 mg/L和15.568 mg/L,M期幼体分别为69.110 mg/L和126.020 mg/L;饥饿与饱食状态下72 h半致死浓度无显著差异;三疣梭子蟹育苗池亚硝酸盐含量应控制在0.228mg/L以下。最后就亚硝酸盐对三疣梭子蟹幼体的急性毒性效应和急性致毒机理进行了分析与探讨。     

蟹类的营养需求研究及其配合饲料研制

概述了中华绒螯蟹（Eriocheir sinensis）、青蟹（Sclla sp）和三疣梭子蟹（Portunus trituberculatu）等几种主要养殖蟹类的营养需求研究及其配合饲料研制的进展．主要包括蟹类的蛋白质、氨基酸、脂类、脂肪酸、磷脂、胆固醇、碳水化合物、维生隶、矿物质等营养需求研究及其配合饲料研制成果．最后。对今后开展蟹类营养需求研究以及系列配合饲料研制提出了若干建议．     

三疣梭子蟹雄性生殖系统的组织学研究

从组织学、组织化学两个方面研究了三疣梭子蟹的雄性生殖系统.其精巢是由无数的生殖小管盘绕成的.小管壁由位于基膜上的大部分生精上皮和少量管壁上皮构成.生精上皮不断向管腔中增殖,产生了不同的生殖带.生殖小管间充填着结缔组织,内有血管和神经等分布.前、中、后输精管壁组织结构相似,均由位于基膜上的单层柱状上皮和其外侧的环形横纹肌构成,上皮细胞具分泌功能.射精管壁亦由单层柱状上皮及内纵、外环两层横纹肌组成.精巢的发育有季节性的变化.     

三疣梭子蟹雌性生殖系统的组织学研究

从组织学和组织化学两个方面研究了三疣梭子蟹的雌性生殖系统。卵巢壁薄，由外膜和内生殖上皮构成。外膜主要由结缔组织和薄层肌肉构成，它有许多延伸物伸入卵巢中把卵巢分成一个个小区。内生殖上皮不断增产生生殖带，其中含有卵原细胞等各阶段雌性生殖细胞和滤泡细胞。卵原细胞较小，核圆形，核仁不明显。初级卵母细胞核开始增大，由于核质增多而逐渐呈空泡状，核仁圆形。卵母细胞胞质内的卵黄逐渐积累增多而发育为成熟卵母细胞。卵     

舟山海域池塘养殖和野生三疣梭子蟹抱卵量的比较研究

系统研究和比较池塘养殖和野生三疣梭子蟹人工繁殖亲本的体重、甲壳长、甲壳宽、抱卵量、生殖力和单个卵重等指标,结果表明:1.人工育苗用野生三疣梭子蟹的体重、甲壳长、甲壳宽、抱卵量显著高于池塘养殖蟹(P<0.05);2.野生三疣梭子蟹的平均生殖力(Fecundity,粒/g)和单个卵重也大于池塘养殖梭子蟹,但是由于变异系数较大,并无统计学的差异(P>0.05);3.池塘养殖三疣梭子蟹的抱卵量与体重、甲壳长和甲壳宽相关系数高于野生梭子蟹,无论野生还是池塘养殖梭子蟹的抱卵量与体重、甲壳长和甲壳宽呈正相关,且抱卵量与甲壳长的相关系数最高。从而,总结出了利用三疣梭子蟹的甲壳长和甲壳宽来预测其抱卵量的方法。     

三疣梭子蟹人工育苗关键技术探讨

就如何解决三疣梭子蟹人工育苗中的关键技术问题，如亲蟹的选择、幼体的培育，饵料等进行了探讨，以期为三疣梭子蟹人工育苗提供技术参考。     

Survey of nutrients and quality assessment of crab paste by 1H NMR spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis

Crab paste is a traditional and popular food for people in the coastal area of China.Visual inspection is currently the only method of quality assessment.We developed a new analytical method of a comprehensive survey of nutrients and quality assessment for crab paste based on a combination of 1 H NMR spectroscopy with multivariate data analysis.The aqueous extract of crab paste was dominated by amino acids,sugars,carboxylic acids,nucleotides and amines(including 19 first-time-reported compounds such as choline,uracil and guanosine).Two grades of crab paste had significant compositional differences in terms of amino acids,lactate,N-acetylglutamate,choline,dimethylamine,uridine,1-methylnicotinamide and 2-pyridienmethanol.These results provided important information on the grade-dependence of crab-paste composition,and demonstrated that NMR-MDA was effective not only for the comprehensive survey of nutrients,but also for quality assessment of crab paste.     

Immunocytological evidence for the presence of vertebrate FSH and LH-like substances in the brain and thoracic ganglion of the swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus

Investigating the distribution of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in the swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus, helps in the understanding of its reproductive regulation mechanism. This study has detected the location of vertebrate FSH- and LH-like substances in the brain and the thoracic ganglion mass with immunocytochemical techniques. Their immunoreaction is very weak or negative during the immature period and the post-spawning period, while it is stronger in the mature period. Localization of FSH-like immunoreactive cells resembles that of LH-tike cells. These immunoreactive cells were observed chiefly in the anterior median cell-cluster of the protocerebrum with stronger immunostaining. There were only a few in the inboard cell-cluster of the olfactory lobe of the deutocerebrum and the posterior cell-cluster of the tritocerebrum. Immunoreactive cells were located in all the three ganglia in the thoracic ganglion mass. These results indicated that substances resembling the vertebrate FSH and LH exist in P. trituberculatus, and their expression has some correlation with the developmental stage of ovaries, thus they might engage in the ovary development and ovulation.     

2种三疣梭子蟹居群线粒体Cyt b和S-rRNA基因片段序列变异研究

目的：通过对2种三疣梭子蟹居群样线粒体C弘b和S-rRNA基因片段的序列分析,探讨其遗传变异,为种质资源的管理、保存和利用提供依据．方法：采集山东潍坊和福建厦门两个不同居群的三疣梭子蟹样,提取其线粒体DNA．由Genebank获得三疣梭子蟹完整线粒体DNA序列（登陆号：NC_005037）,设计扩增Cyt b和S-rRNA基因片段引物,经PCR扩增获得预期产物,纯化后测序．结果：以提取的线粒体DNA为模板扩增出特异性强的Cyt b和S-rRNA基因片段,与预期条带长度429bp和465bp吻合;2个基因片段的AT含量均高于GC含量;Cyt b基因片段有3个位点发生了突变,S-rRNA只有1个位点发生了突变;在两种居群的4个突变位点中,2个位置突变为相同的碱基,且所有突变位点均呈转换方式．结论：Cyt b基因序列比S-rRNA基因序列具有相对高的突变率;研究的2个基因片段的突变位点的碱基置换主要呈转换方式;来自2个三疣梭子蟹居群样本的线粒体S-rRNA基因的突变发生在同一位点且突变为相同碱基,表明2个居群具有较近的亲缘关系．     

双抗体夹心ELISA法检测海产蟹血卵涡鞭虫方法的初步建立

以针对血卵涡鞭虫的特异性单克隆抗体为捕获抗体,纯化的抗血卵涡鞭虫的兔抗血清为检测抗体,初步建立了检测血卵涡鞭虫的双抗体夹心ELISA方法.方阵滴定确定最佳反应条件:包被的单克隆抗体浓度为10μg/mL,多抗兔血清工作浓度为14.3 μg/mL,待检样品稀释度为1:800;HRP-羊抗鼠IgG按1:20 000稀释.用建立的ELISA方法对86份已知背景样品进行检测,阳性检出为97.6%,血卵涡鞭虫抗原检测的灵敏度为100 pg/mL;与蟹血淋巴细胞、假丝酵母菌、溶藻弧菌、副溶血弧菌等样本均无交叉反应.结果表明,建立的双抗体夹心ELISA方法灵敏度高、特异性强,可用于诊断梭子蟹乳化病血卵涡鞭虫病的检测.